1.Vocabulary 4
2.Grammar 7
3.Speaking and Listening 10
4.Writing 12
5.Reading 15
1. Vocabulary
A. Word list
The following is a list of the key vocabulary in each unit. The words are arranged in alphabetical order. If a word has more than one meaning, each meaning is numbered.
aboard /əˈbɔːd/ preposition
1. on or into a ship, plane, bus, or train
Two hundred passengers were aboard the plane.
2. in or into a vehicle
All the students were aboard the bus before it left.
3. in or into a group
I’m sorry, but you’re not aboard our team yet.
abase /əˈbeɪs/ verb [T] formal
to make someone seem less important than they really are, or to make them lose their self-respect
Don’t try to abase yourself – it won’t work.
abash /əˈbæʃ/ verb [T]
to make someone feel embarrassed or confused, especially by making them do or say something they did not expect
I was so abashed that I didn’t know what to say.
abbreviation /əˌbrɛvɪˈeɪʃn/ noun [C]
a shortened form of a word or phrase
The word ‘exam’ is an abbreviation of ‘examination’.
abide by /əˈbaɪd baɪ/ phrasal verb
to obey or follow a rule, law, or decision
If you want to work here, you’ll have to abide by our rules.
able /ˈeɪbl/ adjective
1. having the necessary power, skill, or quality to do something
Are you able to speak any foreign languages?
The company is not able to meet customer demand.
2. having enough money to buy something
I’m sorry, but we’re not able to offer you a discount.
aboard /əˈbɔːd/ preposition
1. on or into a ship, plane, bus, or train
Two hundred passengers were aboard the plane.
2. in or into a vehicle
All the students were aboard the bus before it left.
3. in or into a group
I’m sorry, but you’re not aboard our team yet.
about /əˈbaʊt/ preposition
1. on the subject of
What are you going to write your essay about?
2. used to give approximate information about something
The journey will take about two hours.
3. used to show the amount, level, or degree of something
I’ve only got about five minutes, I’m afraid.
4. in the vicinity of
There’s a nice restaurant about a mile from here.
5. almost
I was about to leave when the phone rang.
6. used to show that something is happening
There’s something about her that I don’t trust.
above /əˈbʌv/ preposition
1. in or to a higher place than something else
Hang your coats on the hooks above the radiator.
2. more than
Tickets cost £12.50 for adults and £8.50 for children, with discounts for families above a certain income.
3. considered together with something else
In some cases, a fine may be imposed, above and beyond any damages that are awarded.
abroad /əˈbrɔːd/ adverb, adjective
1. in or to a foreign country
I’m going abroad for my holidays this year.
2. outside the normal or usual place
The company is looking for someone with experience of working abroad.
absence /ˈæbsns/ noun [U]
the state of not being present
In her absence, the chairman will preside over the meeting.
absent /ˈæbsnt/ adjective
not present
I’m afraid Ms Jones is absent today.
absolute /ˈæbsəluːt/ adjective
1. complete or total
We had an absolute blast!
2. used to emphasize how bad or good something is
It was an absolute disgrace.
3. considered independently of anything else
